Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Cause, Symptoms, Diagnosis And Treatment
Women who are in their reproductive years are susceptible to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder. If one has PCOS or has extended menstrual cycles, one may not experience regular periods. There's a chance that one's body contains too much of the hormone androgen.
Numerous microscopic fluid-filled sacs, known as cysts, develop along the ovary's outer surface. Developing eggs can be found in small fluid-filled cysts. They're called follicles. Regularly, the follicles stop releasing eggs. PCOS has no recognized etiology. Long-term implications, including cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes disease, may be less likely to occur with weight loss, early diagnosis, and treatment.
In this blog, the best PCOS Doctor in Hyderabad from Magna Centers for Obesity, Diabetes, and Endocrinology discusses the essential aspects of PCOS, its complications, as well as diagnosis and treatment options.
What can be the Complications of PCOS?
Infertility
Slumber apnea
Diabetes or high blood pressure can be brought on during pregnancy.
Miscarriage or an early birth
High blood sugar, bad high cholesterol, and high triglyceride levels are all symptoms of metabolic illness, which significantly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Difficulties with anxiety, sadness, and eating
disorders of the uterine lining (endometrial cancer).
What are the Symptoms of PCOS?
Ovaries with polycystic cysts: The ovaries may be more significant. Numerous follicles containing immature eggs may develop on the ovary's periphery. There's a chance the ovaries aren't working correctly.
Period irregularities: Menstrual irregular or uncommon cycles are a common feature of PCOS. It's also acceptable to experience periods that last longer than what's typical for a period—up to a few days. Less than 9 periods may be experienced annually. These periods may extend beyond 35 days as well. Women may have trouble getting pregnant.
Hirsutism: High androgen levels may cause hirsutism or extensive body and facial hair. Severe acne and hair loss with a male pattern might occasionally happen.
What are The Causes of PCOS?
Insulin resistance: Blood sugar levels might rise if cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, and more insulin is produced in an attempt to lower blood sugar levels. The body could produce too much androgen if too much insulin is left unutilized.
Heredity: The likelihood of developing PCOS may be increased by multiple genes and a family record of the condition.
Low-grade inflammation: It is a particular kind of prolonged, low-grade inflammation experienced by patients with PCOS, which stimulates the production of androgens by their polycystic ovaries. This could lead to difficulties with the heart and blood vessels.
How is PCOS Diagnosed?
There isn't a straightforward test that can pinpoint PCOS with accuracy. The doctor will likely first go over the symptoms and any additional medical issues.
Pelvic Exam: A doctor may check the reproductive organs for growths, lumps or other changes.
Ultrasound: An ultrasound can be used to check the health of the ovaries and the thickness of the uterine lining. A transducer that transmits a picture onto a computer is inserted into the vagina.
Blood Tests: Hormone levels can be determined by blood tests. This testing can rule out other causes of irregular menstruation or androgen abnormalities resembling PCOS. It is possible to perform additional blood examinations, such as ones to measure the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose following a fast.
How Is PCOS Treated?
The management of infertility, hirsutism, obesity, or acne. Medication or lifestyle modifications may be required, depending on the severity.
Treatment for Acne: Oral tablets and dermal creams or gels are both effective treatments for acne.
Combined birth control pills: These contraceptives lower androgen production and regulate estrogen by having both estrogen and progestin. They reduce acne and prevent hair growth, irregular bleeding, and the risk of endometrial cancer.
Lifestyle: The doctor might suggest a limited-calorie diet and moderate exercise to help you lose weight. Losing weight can help with infertility and may increase a drug's effectiveness. Ovulation induction medications and perhaps metformin is given to people who want to get pregnant. The dosage and drugs are examined every two months to make sure they are still meeting the patient's needs.
Hair removal: Electrolysis and laser hair removal are the two available techniques for hair removal. One can need several sessions. The use of creams, shaving, and plucking are different therapies. These are only transient, and the hair may thicken as it grows back.
.jpg)